The unsolved mystery of the world~Egyptian pyramids
The unsolved mysteries of the world~The Egyptian pyramids~The mystery of the Khufu pyramids
Daqian International is full of wonders.
There are many puzzles that we currently cannot explain internationally. Previously, the editor collected relevant materials and summarized them. Many friends have expressed that the recording is not detailed enough and they want to know the detailed content. Therefore, the editor has collected materials again and will try to update us with one or two detailed real stories every day in the future.
The Egyptian pyramids are one of the seven ancient wonders of the world, among which the most famous is the Khufu Pyramid. Today, the editor will take us to see some secrets of the Khufu Pyramid.
The Pyramid of Khufu
People are afraid of time, but time is afraid of pyramids
The ancient Greeks listed the Egyptian pyramids as one of the Seven Wonders of the World. Napoleon once came to the bottom of the pyramid, and the huge tower body stood in stark contrast to his short stature, causing him to feel a sense of sadness as if he had been looking down at me for 5000 years. So much so that when he returned to France, he couldn't forget the pyramids and said, 'My dreams are all in Memphis.'.
Memphis is located at the southern end of the Nile Delta and was made by Pharaoh Menes in 3000 BC. Memphis became the capital of ancient Egypt after the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt. In the long years, Memphis experienced several rises and falls, ultimately being destroyed in the 7th century AD.
The cemetery in Memphis is located in Sakara, southwest of Memphis city, about 27 kilometers from Cairo. There are over 80 pyramids here, among which the most famous are the three pyramids located on the Giza Plateau, built by pharaohs Khufu, Hafra, and Menkol of the Fourth Dynasty of ancient Egypt. The pyramids are believed to be the tombs of kings of ancient Egyptian slave states. These rulers are called 'pharaohs'. The ancient Egyptians had a deeply ingrained concept of the afterlife in their minds, viewing the underworld as a continuity of earthly life. Therefore, building their own dwelling in the underworld was seen by these pharaohs as their top priority during their lifetime.
The three pyramids of Pharaoh Khufu, Hafra, and Menkol
The image of the pyramid has been well-known to people for thousands of years and has amazed countless people. Among the seven ancient wonders of the world, the other six wonders have been destroyed, but only the pyramids, which represent the brilliant achievements of ancient civilization, still stand tall on the earth. Therefore, the Egyptians have a saying that goes, "People fear time, but time fears the pyramids
Among the numerous pyramids, the most famous, enormous, and mysterious one is the Khufu Pyramid located on the Giza Plateau. It has a solemn, magnificent, simple, and cautious appearance, seamlessly blending with the surrounding plateau and desert, and is very harmonious. Its internal structure is uniquely crafted, with its own style, embodying extraordinary intelligence. After thousands of years of ups and downs, it remains steadfast.
The Khufu Pyramid was made in 2760 BC, with a height of 146.5 meters and a side length of 230 meters. It was built with 2.3 million giant stones, all of which were carefully polished. There was no need for mortar or other adhesives between the stones, and the stones were stacked tightly, making it impossible for knives to penetrate. Although the Hu Fu Pyramid has been robbed multiple times in its history, its main structure remains intact and is the most valuable research pyramid in existence. It has attracted generations of scientists and explorers to come here for research and exploration, and is known as a mysterious monument by many pyramid experts.
Some pyramid researchers believe that many of the astronomical, mathematical, and other information conveyed by the Khufu Pyramid is a wealth left to us by our ancestors and a three-dimensional testament. Many experts and scholars believe that pyramids are not just tombs for pharaohs, but also predict some kind of "serious event", such as the appearance of the so-called "savior". Before the birth of Jesus, the Hebrews of Egypt welcomed Moses, Persia presented Zarathustra, Greece presented Ophis, India presented Buddha Shakyamuni, and China presented Laozi and Confucius. Shortly after the birth of Jesus, the expected Muhammad of the Semitic people in the desert was also presented.
In ancient Egypt, the Hebrews had hoped for the appearance of a savior before leaving Egypt, approximately two thousand years before the birth of Jesus. There is an old prophecy circulating in ancient Egypt that a savior of humanity will come to this world. The imagination in the prophecy corresponds to what was later described in the New Testament of the Bible.
Some internationally renowned pyramids even believe that even the content about the coming of the savior in the Old Testament of the Bible is related to pyramids. Two passages from the Book of Isaiah in the Old Testament are considered evidence of the pyramids as a symbol of the coming of the Savior: "On that day, there will be an altar dedicated to God in the center of the land of Egypt, and a pillar dedicated to God on the border of Egypt. They will be the symbol of God's presence in Egypt
When the people there are oppressed and cry out to God for help, God will send a great savior who will save them. "(See Isaiah 19:19-20 in the Old Testament).
The Book of Isaiah in the Old Testament
But that's not the most convincing. Researchers of pyramids generally believe that the ancient kingdom of Egypt had strong national power, especially reaching its peak during the Fourth Dynasty. It is generally believed that the earliest time to make pyramids was around 2900 BC. H. G. Wells referred to the pyramids in his "Outline of International History" as "monuments erected in an era when engineering was almost non-existent.
The dimensions of each part of the Khufu Pyramid have profound and serious implications in the eyes of pyramid scholars. The Khufu Pyramid is 146.5 meters high, with a base side length of 230 meters. The circumference of the tower base is 36524 inches (approximately 1 kilometer), which is an important number indicating various connections with the entire theory of the "Pyramid Prophecy". This theory places special emphasis on the 13 numbers and the numbers provided in the one-third acre "stone inscription", as they are all inexhaustible numbers. Place a decimal point after the third digit, which is 365.24. This is the number of days in a year according to the solar calendar. Divide 36524 by 4 to obtain the number 9131, which is exactly the length of the pyramid base in inches and also indicates the moment when the four seasons are evenly divided. Multiplying 36524 by 5 yields 182620, which is the wrist length used in ancient Egypt and Hebrew (approximately 18.26 inches, meaning the length from the elbow to the fingertip). Divide the side length of the tower base 9131 by 25, and you will get the number 365.24, which is the number of days in a year in the Gregorian calendar. Not only that, the Khufu Pyramid also displays stellar years (about 20 minutes longer than the solar calendar) and perihelion (365 days, 6 hours, 13 minutes, and 53 seconds, about 5 minutes older than stars). The precession between the vernal equinox and autumnal equinox, which has been around for 6000 years, is also indicated by measurement units, and modern astronomy knows that this different historical period occurred less than 400 years ago.
Although it is said that this huge pyramid was originally built 31 feet lower by its designer, it still deserves to be the largest of the 80 pyramids in Egypt.
Amazing orientation and exquisite structure
At the end of 1880, William Flinders Petrie, the father of modern architecture, conducted a detailed investigation of the Khufu Pyramid and pointed out that its most astonishing feature was its orientation. Because all its edges and lines are accurately oriented towards the southeast, northwest, and northwest, and the errors in all directions are within 5 minutes (1 minute is one sixtieth of 1 degree). This error is only one sixth the size of the error that can be distinguished by the naked eye, which is a very precise observation skill. Although the orientation of other pyramids such as Kafra and Menkoala is also correctly facing southeast and northwest, it is not as accurate as the Khufu Pyramid.
This precision reflects the ancient Egyptians' superb observational skills and their ability to apply these skills.
The accuracy of its level is also astonishing. Due to its error of only 1.5 inches (approximately 3.8 centimeters) in size, even contemporary construction standards are extremely difficult to compare with it.
The most stunning aspect of building structures is probably the exquisite combination of outer wall stones! Because these stones are tightly stacked on top of each other like works of art, the space is so small that it's impossible to fit a single hair.
Together, the mechanical structure of the Khufu Pyramid is also extremely fascinating. The Khufu Pyramid was not directly built into a four cone shape using 2.3 million stones. Because if the structure is so simple, only a part of it needs to collapse, and it will all collapse due to being too bulky. Therefore, the internal structure that supports the Khufu Pyramid is similar to the shape of tree rings. Just like the annual rings that interact between the hard and soft layers, the interior of the Khufu Pyramid is also composed of a combination of hard structures called buttresses and soft structures filled with filling layers that fill its empty space. The innermost wall has a support wall that supports the tower top component, while the outer side is equipped with support walls at certain intervals. The outer protective wall is slightly inclined inward to suppress the force of the stone filling tilting outward.
The appearance of the Khufu Pyramid was covered by milky white limestone during its production, so whenever the sun shines, it reflects a dazzling light. However, due to a major earthquake in Egypt in the 13th century, a portion of it collapsed, and it is said that this collapsed part was also used by people at that time as high-quality building materials. Therefore, what we see today are only some stiff and outstanding staircase shaped stones.
According to modern monitoring by scientists, even if the stones on the outer side of the Khufu Pyramid completely collapse, the Khufu Pyramid will still stand tall, because the ancient Egyptians used a wonderful buttresses structure when making the Khufu Pyramid. And this structure was not widely promoted and adopted by the international construction community until the beginning of the last century.
The Mystery of Making the Pyramid of Khufu
In the 5th century BC, the Greek historian Herodotus, who visited the Giza Plateau, recorded some of his views on the Pyramid of Giza. Pharaoh Khufu followed the advice of the priests, causing the people to fall into dire straits. He forced all citizens of Egypt to work for himself, and often replaced 100000 people with labor every three months. Just building a stone road extended the labor of citizens for 10 years. It took 20 years to make a pyramid
In addition, he also recorded the method of making the Khufu Pyramid. The construction method is a stepped construction method. First, the steps are built, and then the remaining stones are lifted by a wooden crane. Perhaps the same number of cranes as the steps are used, or perhaps only one easily movable crane is used to move them up bit by bit
Herodotus was once regarded as an authority on the study of pyramids in his book "A History of the Ancients", as he recorded many matters related to the ancient Egyptians' construction of pyramids. But he was just a person who was born about two thousand years after the pyramid was made.
Based on many archaeological discoveries in recent years, scholars studying pyramids have speculated on the method of making the Khufu Pyramid: according to preserved ancient papyrus documents, the prime minister of the country at that time, Haimo, directly commanded the production of the Khufu Pyramid. He first chose a location, which was a hard plateau with a moderate distance from the west bank of the Nile River. The ancient Egyptians firmly believed that the west bank of the Nile, where the sun sets, was the land of the dead. In order to prevent being too close to the Nile River and being engulfed by floods, as well as to prevent being too far away from the Nile River for transporting stones, the Giza Plateau, which fully meets these conditions, was selected as the location for making the Khufu Pyramid.
Once the location is determined, dig a mesh like ditch on the Giza Plateau and let water flow into the ditch. Water marks will be printed on the ditch to determine the correct level of the Khufu Pyramid.
Next, coordinate the four corners of the pyramid in four directions: east, west, north, and south. The corners of the Pyramid of Giza are almost perfect right angles, with four inclined planes facing the east, west, south, and north directions. When carrying out this project, it is necessary to use constellations to ensure accuracy. It is unknown how the ancient Egyptians measured it at that time.
The stone used to make the pyramids - limestone - is mostly extracted from the Tula quarry on the east bank of the Nile River, while the granite used in the corridors and rooms is extracted from places such as Aswan upstream of the Nile River. When chiseling stones, first use a chisel to make a hole in the stone, then drive a wooden wedge into the hole, then pour water to make it swell, and finally use a sharp tool to cut the stone away from the rock.
The cut stones are first placed on the sled, then on the logs, pulled to the riverbank with ropes, and loaded onto the ship. At that time, the ancient Egyptians did not know how to use vehicles or horses.
When loading items on the Nile River, rafts with animal skin floating bags are mostly used, which only need to be pushed up with a roller. Herodotus said it was using a crane, but Egyptian farmers have been using wooden unloaders since ancient times, which is unlikely to lift a uniform 2.5 tons of stone. Therefore, they first made a ramp on the side of the pyramid, followed the stone steps to rise, and then built a ramp upwards. They buried round logs on the ramp together to reduce the resistance of prying. When it reaches the top of the pyramid, a sloping ramp is lowered on one side and high-quality limestone is filled in to polish it.
So, how much time and manpower does this major project actually require? If according to Herodotus' account, '100000 people alternate every three months', then 400000 people are needed in one year. Each stone on the Khufu Pyramid weighs an average of 2.5 tons, some even up to 50 tons, and the smallest one is no less than 1.5 tons. Without any mechanical means and relying solely on human labor, it is difficult for future generations to imagine.
Cemetery, day watch or observatory?
Since ancient times, there have been many questions about the Khufu Pyramid, among which the biggest question is "Is the Khufu Pyramid really the tomb of the Khufu King?" If it is considered as the basis for the Khufu Pharaoh's tomb, then all that is needed is Herodotus' narration and record in the "gravity dispersion chamber" inside the Khufu Pyramid about how sacred the Khufu Pharaoh was.
Many people who firmly believe that it is the tomb of Pharaoh Khufu believe that the recorded pyramid of Khufu is of course the tomb chamber of Pharaoh Khufu, and the empty sarcophagus can only belong to him. As for the mummies and burial objects, they were stolen a long time ago. In addition, some people, although suggesting that the Pyramid of Khufu is the tomb of Pharaoh Khufu, believe that Pharaoh Khufu's coffin is not inside the Pyramid of Khufu, but in another place that has not yet been discovered.
The representative figure who suggested this statement is Herodotus. He said, "Digging open the halfway up the hill where the pyramid stands, you will find that a basement has also been made. This is the tomb chamber that the king made for himself, and the water of the Nile River is introduced through a ditch to make the tomb chamber like an isolated island, unaffected by external disturbances. There is another more classical theory, which is the Great Pyramid Day Clock advocated by Dr. de Charuse of France about 300 years ago. He noticed that the shadow of the sun shining on the slopes of the Great Pyramid would have subtle changes with the seasons. After a year of observation, he finally found that on the northern slope, there are seasons that can form shadows and seasons that cannot, and the boundary is between March 1st and October 14th. And these two days were also the time for sowing various crops, so he announced that the Great Pyramid was used to inform the calendar for sowing.
In addition to the two mentioned above, there is also the astronomical theory proposed by British pyramids expert McLokudon. He derived this bolder assumption based on the perspective of the internal structure of the Great Pyramid. According to his research, the height of the former Khufu Pyramid was only one-third of its current height, and the upper ends of its large and descending corridors were exposed to the outside. The inclination of the long corridor is in a straight line and faces the directions of Alpha and Sirius in the sky. So people observed these stars from the bottom of the corridor through the skylight.
Alpha was the North Star at that time, while Sirius was an important constellation for predicting whether the Nile River would become numerous. However, when the Earth rotates and the constellation orientation changes, the corridor loses its astronomical effect. Therefore, Pharaoh Khufu instructed to change the plan and make his own pyramid on this observation platform.
The Khufu Pyramid Numbers Filled with Earth Information
As early as the 19th century, many pyramid researchers recognized the intriguing nature of pyramids. In 1859, British mathematician John Taylor found some data on the structure of pyramids, proving that their length unit, the "epipolar diameter inch," was actually equal to today's inches. Modern science has proven that pyramids involve multiple fields such as mathematics, astronomy, geography, transportation, construction, medicine, healthcare, physics, chemistry, biology, and even religion. Especially in the Khufu Pyramid, the numbers included in each part have serious meanings.
For example, the slope area of the Khufu Pyramid is almost the same as the area of a square with height as one side. Further investigation into the ratio between the height of the triangular surface of the Khufu Pyramid and the length around the base reveals a value close to pi. That is to say, if a circle with height as its radius is drawn, its circumference is equal to the length of its four base edges. If we divide 1/2 of the base by the length of the inclined plane of the pyramid (the interval between the inclined planes), we will achieve a golden ratio cut of 1.618. Since ancient Greece, the golden ratio cutting has been regarded as one of the most beautiful ratios and widely used in temple painting and figure carving. But in the Khufu Pyramid, which was built over two thousand years after the discovery of the golden cutting theory in ancient Greece, it was already fully adopted.
Recently, someone has compared the Khufu Pyramid with various numerical values on Earth. For example, the distance between the sun and the earth is equal to 100 million times the height of the Pyramid of Giza. The weight of the Khufu Pyramid is equivalent to one thousandth of the weight of the Earth.
The weight of the Earth is equal to the weight of the Pyramid of Giza. The current height of the Khufu Pyramid is 146.5 meters, which is roughly the same as the average elevation of the Earth. The above are just a few examples, for example, the mysterious numbers of the Khufu Pyramid are far more than that. Scholars who are striving to find mathematical and geometric meanings in the Pyramid of Giza, although they are not yet clear about the true meanings of these numbers, are their coincidences really just a coincidence?
Perhaps an unexpected discovery on another continent could provide us with another possibility to unravel the mystery of the Khufu Pyramid, and this discovery is the Emerald Tablet.
The Emerald Tablet is a mysterious tablet discovered by American scientist Dr. Moliere Deli in the tropical forests of Mexico in 1925.
According to legend, the Emerald Tablet is a secret book written by the monk Des from the continent of Atlantis, which was engulfed by seawater 50000 years ago, documenting the intelligence of Atlantis. After being engulfed by seawater on the continent of Atlantis, Des migrated to ancient Egypt and made the Great Pyramid. The content of the secret book recorded in ancient Atlantean language is extremely difficult to understand. But the statement that there are mysterious forces in the international community should be accurate. And the content also implies that the human heart has the ability to feel this spirituality.
Although the emerald green stele does not directly mention the pyramids, it should have given hints of understanding the mystery of the pyramids. However, before the answer is revealed, the Pyramid of Khufu, this mysterious monument, is still full of mysteries and suspense.
The above is the material collected by the editor. Thank you for reading. If you are also interested in the topic of international curiosity, please follow me and I will take you to see the strange theories in the world every day. Welcome to leave a comment in the comment section and discuss our unknown international together.
The unsolved mystery of the world~Egyptian pyramids~Do mummies really exist?
The rulers of ancient Egypt ruled the country during their lifetime and also wanted to stabilize the international community after their death, so they created the Egyptian pyramids. In recent years, people have been discussing the unsolved mysteries of the Egyptian pyramids. What are these unsolved mysteries and what are their mysteries? Let's take a look.
The pyramid is a representative work of ancient Egyptian civilization. It was made in the desert, with exquisite structure and magnificent appearance, and is a symbol of Egypt. Speaking of China, we all know the same thing about pandas. The pyramids were a resting place behind the pharaohs of ancient Egypt. The Egyptian pyramids were first built around 2600 BC, with a total of more than 70 pyramids. This means that there is not just one pyramid. In fact, before the exploration of Egyptian pyramid materials, I always thought that there was only one pyramid. Later, I found out that pyramids were just one title, just like the imperial tombs of ancient Chinese emperors. Most of the pyramids are located in the desert of the Giza Plateau southwest of Cairo, and are internationally recognized as one of the "Eight Wonders of Ancient International Times". Among them, the largest and most famous are the pyramids of the three generations of ancestors and grandchildren - the Khufu Pyramid, the Hafra Pyramid, and the Menkaura Pyramid. Among them, the Khufu Pyramid is the most famous, equivalent to a skyscraper with more than 40 floors. It is said that 100000 people worked under the scorching sun and the whip of the overseer, taking ten years to build the stone passage and underground tomb, and another twenty years to build the tower body. The entire project lasted for more than thirty years. Seeing here, many people will think of Qin Shihuang of our country. Yes, in fact, the huge project of the pyramid is similar to that of Qin Shihuang who made Terra Cotta Warriors for himself at that time, which is the same as that of the imperial mausoleum. Of course, there will be a lot of mysterious work in the tomb of Qin Shihuang. In future articles, the editor of Exploring Secrets will also discuss with us. Now let's take a look at today's theme: unsolved mysteries in the Egyptian pyramids.
The unsolved mystery of the Egyptian pyramids
There are too many unknowns about the Egyptian pyramids. Here are some important unsolved mysteries for enthusiasts to discuss and discuss. This mainly includes: spells of pharaohs, exploration of the miracle of Tula, millennium old preservation of flora and fauna, close contact of cast stones, the Sphinx, the power of pyramids, common numbers, the elevation angle of pyramids, the 200th person to fall to death, secret passages and flawless ships, the mystery of the construction of the Egyptian pyramids, and so on.
1. Pharaoh's Spell
The pyramid is the tomb where the king (pharaoh) is preserved, and it is also the place where the king, Hitu, forever preserves his body and dignity. It has a history of 5000 years. The secrecy inside the pyramid attracts the longing of many curious warriors and explorers. Many spells, regardless of their inscriptions on the Pharaoh Kufu stone tablet, entered the tomb but all died as soon as possible. Legend has it that in August 1796, during Napoleon's expedition to Egypt, he ambitiously entered the Pyramid Tomb alone. When he came out, people saw him tongue tied, with a dirt colored face and unable to speak. Soon after, he passed away. In a few years, dozens of students who entered the tomb also died of evil like lightning. In 1962, Dr. Isedin Taya, a physics PhD from Cairo University, discovered that many people died from infection with a type of Aspergillus. But further research under an electron microscope revealed that this bacterium is not the final answer to solving the mystery of pharaoh spells. Because many people who passed away after entering the tomb did not have any signs of contracting the pathogen.
At present, researchers have proposed a new insight into the reasons for the deaths that occurred after entering the pyramid tombs: whether the shape of the pyramid attracts and gathers cosmic rays, magnetic vibrations, or other unknown energy waves? Is there a concentration effect of capacitors or lenses on certain energy sources? That's why it caused death, but there's still no definite answer. The mysterious veil shrouded in pyramids has attracted close attention and in-depth attention from scholars and archaeologists at home and abroad.
2. Exploration of the Miracle of Tula
The ancient and famous national capital - Tula, is an escape mountain city that extends from the Valley of Mexico to the Yucatan region, located in the state of Hidalgo, 55 miles away from Mexico City. This ancient capital city has magnificent pyramids, and what is puzzling is that rows of giant statues with majestic expressions stand on top of the towering pyramids. These severe warrior statues are standing guard and keeping watch to defend human peace!? Still waiting for the arrival of the 'Heavenly God'?
The ancient city of Tula was built in 900 AD and inhabited by the Toltec people. These statues have been preserved as part of the Toltec civilization to this day. The city was destroyed in 1064 AD. In 1191 AD, the Toltec people migrated to Yucca. The Toltec were a huge and skilled race who created a game similar to today's football.
Tula - the ruins of the ancient city, with its magnificent temple and shared statues, although weathered by wind and rain, the towering 8-meter-high stone carved warriors still stand tall, gazing up at the changes of the world.
Tula - an astonishing ancient site that we cannot help but explore with all our heart. Why was it possible to create such a magnificent pyramid in that remote mountain city with primitive and backward conditions, and how was it possible to transport a massive stone weighing dozens of tons to the high peak of the pyramid and carve it into a human statue? And why was its construction planned and modeled after many local wonders. Wait, these unsolved mysteries have posed another challenge for scientists today.
3. Animals and plants will not rot for thousands of years behind them
Using pyramids to preserve simple decomposed substances, these substances are well preserved. So, the Pharaoh chose pyramids to preserve the corpses with the intention of preventing decay.
Hailier once conducted an experiment where he placed some bean seeds and white sugar in the tomb chamber of a pyramid. After a while, he placed the bean seeds that were sent into the tower and those that were not placed into the pyramid in the same field. After emergence, it was found that the seedlings placed in the tower were four times longer than those that were not placed in the tower, and had wider leaves and different sugars. Ants would immediately climb over to eat regular white sugar, but when they encountered sugar that had entered the tower, they cautiously avoided it and fled; In the miracle of the "God of Wisdom and Tricks" in Egypt, a series of ancient brown fruits were discovered, which were no different from new fruits. Some of the grass unearthed in wooden barrels is still very green to this day; What is even more common is that some of the flowers discovered still have bright colors. What is the reason why these flowers remain fresh and unbeatable after 4000 years? Scientists have not yet produced conclusive results on this matter.
4. The Sphinx
When visiting Egypt to see the pyramids, the most awe inspiring thing is still the world-famous Sphinx next to the Egyptian pyramids. However, why the ancient Egyptians made this stone statue next to the pyramids remains an unsolved mystery to this day.
The Sphinx was created 4500 years ago and is one of the oldest ancient large stone statues in the world. It was carved from rocks in a quarry where pyramids were made, measuring 73.5 meters in length and 2 meters in height. The width of the face is up to 4 meters. A cobra with a face shape resembling that of a pharaoh, wearing a king's headscarf and a king's emblem carved on its forehead. The statue originally had a 2.5-meter-long beard on its chin, but it is unknown when it was destroyed. The body is in the shape of a lion, the king of all beasts.
At present, due to long-term wind and sand invasion, as long as the head is still exposed outside the sand and gravel, the rest is completely buried in the sand and gravel. So, the body parts of the stone statue are well preserved; And the head has been corroded and weathered, as well as artificially damaged, and is now in ruins.
The Sphinx was once depicted in Greek mythology in ancient times. Similar carved statues can still be seen on some ancient Greek buildings, stone tablets, and shields to this day. It is said that it is used to suppress evil spirits. The magnificent lion shaped human face statue lies horizontally on the Giza plateau in Egypt, guarding the pyramid of King Karaf for five thousand years. The raging sandstorms constantly encroach upon this massive stone statue throughout the year, and for most of the five thousand years, it has been buried deep underground by several tons of quicksand. The ancient Egyptians often used lions to represent pharaohs, symbolizing their boundless power and infinite strength. This concept of pharaohs being both gods and humans led to the emergence of the lion body human face hybrid.
5. The elevation angle of the pyramid
What has been debated for a long time and surprisingly is the elevation angle used in the construction of pyramids, which was once calculated using pi 2 because the ratio of the height of the pyramid to the circumference of the base is exactly 1/2 π. Many pyramids use the special elevation angle of 51 ° 52 '. However, the reality in many ancient documents and archaeological studies indicates that the Egyptians were still very vague about the concepts of pi and angle at that time, which made it difficult for people to understand what exactly was going on.
American electronic engineer Connolly believed that pyramids were measured using a wrist ruler (wrist ruler: the length from a man's elbow joint to the middle fingertip is uniformly 52 centimeters). The base line of a pyramid is measured by the circumference of a circular barrel with a diameter of the wrist ruler. In this way, ancient Egypt unintentionally used pi to manufacture pyramids.
Assuming that the height of the pyramid and the length of the bottom center to the bottom edge line are 4:1, then the height&pide; The ratio of "bottom circumference" (4xnxc)&pide; (8xcx: rxn)=1/2 π, (c two wrist feet, n two wrist feet) 1/2 π, which has long puzzled scholars, may have arisen from this.
If the pyramid uses a 4:1 ratio, then its elevation angle will inevitably be 51 ° 52 '. This corner was so correct, but it was almost unusable at the time, but the clever ancient Egyptians used it to create a world-renowned construction - the pyramid.
The secrets of pyramids are not limited to these, and the editor will not introduce them one by one, such as the close contact of cast stone, the power of pyramids, common numbers, and so on.
Can mummies really exist?
The term 'mummy' did not originate from the hieroglyphs of ancient Egypt. According to archaeologists' research, "mummy" comes from the Arabic word for "asphalt". When the Arabs saw a layer of black grease on the surface of the bodies preserved by the Egyptians during their invasion of Egypt in the 7th century AD, they called them "mummiya", which means "asphalt" in Arabic. Later, it evolved into English as "mummmy" and was transliterated as "munai" in Chinese, referring to specially treated bodies that have been preserved intact.
Some people believe that the main reason why ancient Egyptians made mummies was because they believed in "eternal life in the afterlife". It is estimated that since the Paleolithic era, Egyptians have died in terror, and trusting the existence of the afterlife can more or less escape this terror. Therefore, people at that time made careful preparations when burying the dead. In the era of pharaohs, due to the widening gap between the rich and the poor in society, the hierarchical system gradually became more authoritative, and people's longing for a better afterlife became more urgent, leading to the worship of the corpses of the dead. They believe that if the body of the deceased is preserved in a recognizable way, the spirits on the human body, which we often refer to as "spirits," will return to the body of the deceased from scratch; If the body is intact and not decaying, the soul and body will live in another world; If the body rots, the soul will no longer exist, and the person will truly die; If a part of the body is damaged, it will cause the deceased to lose the same part of their body in the afterlife. Therefore, in order for the deceased to continue living better in the afterlife, it is necessary to preserve the body intact.
At the same time, the shared natural environment of ancient Egypt also fueled their expectations for the afterlife. The Nile River floods and decays regularly every year, with plants either thriving or withering, and the sun rising and setting every day. These natural phenomena give the ancient Egyptians the feeling that the world is cyclical, and all things can undergo life and death cycles, and humans should do the same. In order to prepare for the resurrection in the next life, it is also necessary to preserve the body well.
It is precisely this reverence for eternal life in the afterlife that has led the ancient Egyptians to be extremely meticulous in the production and burial methods of mummies, to the point of going to great lengths.
Of course, in addition to trusting eternal life, people also make mummies for religious reasons.
Among the most outstanding mummies, some have been accidentally preserved without careful processing. This naturally formed mummy can generally be found in extremely dry deserts or cold regions, as the climate here can prevent the body from decaying. As is well known, decay is caused by bacteria, which reproduce in water, and 70% of the human body is composed of water. This means that the human body provides a place for the reproduction of bacteria, so the body is prone to decay. Hot desert areas can quickly dehydrate corpses and preserve them. As for the cold regions, the low temperature suppresses the growth and reproduction of bacteria. Of course, due to the low temperature, the transpiration rate of the body's water will also decrease. However, because the growth and reproduction of bacteria are suppressed, the dehydration of the body gains time, and the preservation of the body is not a problem.
The earliest known mummy was formed around 3200 BC. There is no written record of this period. Therefore, little is known about the situation of these early mummies. It is estimated that at that time, due to the lack of plowing, the dead were buried in a simple tomb at the edge of the desert at both ends of the Nile Valley. This simple tomb is just an oval shaped shallow pit in the desert. People bend their bodies wearily, with their heads facing south and faces facing north, and place them in human pits facing the setting sun, then cover them with sand. Because the Egyptians buried their bodies in the sand for about 1 meter, over time the sand layer gradually drifted, inevitably exposing some of the bodies. These corpses were completely dried by the scorching sand, making it difficult for them to undergo normal decay. The bodies, skin, hair, and appearance that had existed for thousands of years were preserved to their original state. This type of mummy is called a 'sand mummy'.
As the most comprehensive compilation of afterlife spells, the Egyptian Book of the Dead provides us with a detailed basis for understanding the ancient Egyptian concept of afterlife. The Egyptian Book of the Dead, although referred to as a book, is actually only a combination of common texts, usually consisting of over 200 chapters. Egyptians call them "manuals for seeking the afterlife and strategies for ten thousand people to ascend to heaven". Egyptians trust that these symbols can help the deceased reach the afterlife world smoothly. At that time, the content of the Book of the Dead included prayers, hymns, and spells. But at the beginning, not everyone had the right to obtain the Book of the Dead. About 4000 years ago in the ancient kingdom of Egypt, only pharaohs and members of the royal family could use these prayer texts. They carved these common spells on the inner walls of the pyramids, which later became known as pyramid inscriptions. In the Middle Kingdom period, this privilege of the royal family also began to be enjoyed by aristocratic officials. At that time, these common spells were often inscribed on coffins, known as sarcophagus inscriptions. Subsequently, around 1400 BC, due to the widespread use of papyrus (a type of paper in ancient Egypt made from reeds grown in the swamps of the Nile River and presented during the Old Kingdom period), people wrote these spells on papyrus and widely used it among the people, calling it the Book of the Dead. The Book of the Dead is usually hidden in a dark compartment at the foot of the statue of the god Osiris, and then placed in the tomb. The ancient Egyptians believed that only in this way could King Osiris see his lifelong achievements and lead him to eternal existence.
The ancient Egyptians believed that each person's soul had several ways of existence, among which the most important were the "ka" and "ba" methods. The ancient Egyptian word "ka" means "strength, wealth, nourishment, flourishing, efficacy, eternity, creativity, mysterious strength". Ba "in ancient Egyptian means" a soul soaring freely in the yin-yang world ", and its shape is usually depicted as a bird with a human head and hands. It carries some spells that can make it return to the mummy. The statue of 'Ba' is usually attached to the bottom of a mummy box. Ba "lifted its hand, seemingly marking the rise of the mummy's soul. The two extended arms are symbols of text. In order for a person to live forever, it is necessary to reunite "ka" and "ba" on the mummy in the tomb. And once the two are reunited, the deceased can also live forever. To this end, a series of complex rituals with various names must be held for the deceased, allowing their various organs to function from their hair and enabling the mummy to be resurrected and continue in the afterlife.
Where did the pharaoh's soul go after he disappeared? The ancient pharaohs devoutly trusted that these deities were their ancestors. The gods all have high intelligence, and they came to this world from heaven. The pharaohs firmly believed that they would board a sun ship behind them and ascend to heaven, where they would meet their ancestors somewhere in the universe.
So scientists today are still unable to accurately explain the various secrets of the pyramids.